Mahale Chimpanzees: 50 Years of Research

EAN: 9781107649644
Published: 18/06/2020
Language: English

Long-term ecological research studies are rare and invaluable resources, particularly when they are as thoroughly documented as the Mahale Mountain Chimpanzee Project in Tanzania. Directed by Toshisada Nishida from 1965 until 2011, the project continues to yield new and fascinating findings about our closest neighbour species. In a fitting tribute to Nishida's contribution to science, this book brings together fifty years of research into one encyclopaedic volume. Alongside previously unpublished data, the editors include new translations of Japanese writings throughout the book to bring previously inaccessible work to non-Japanese speakers. The history and ecology of the site, chimpanzee behaviour and biology, and ecological management are all addressed through firsthand accounts by Mahale researchers. The authors highlight long-term changes in behaviour, where possible, and draw comparisons with other chimpanzee sites across Africa to provide an integrative view of chimpanzee research today.

List of contributors
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgements
1. Introduction Michio Nakamura
Part I. History and Overview
2. Overview of the field site
Mahale Mountains and their surroundings
3. Research history
4. Chimpanzee distribution
accumulation of survey reports
5. Who's who
Part II. Social Organization
6. Social system
features and variations
7. Demography of the M group
8. Home range
9. Fission–fusion grouping
10. Disappearance of K group male chimpanzees
re-examination of group extinction
11. Intergroup relationships
Part III. Ecology
12. Climate and climatological trends in the Kasoje Forest
13. Mahale flora
its historical background and long-term changes
14. Patterns and trends in fruiting phenology
some implications for important chimpanzee diet
15. Mammalian fauna
16. Interspecific relationships
Part IV. Feeding
17. Diet and feeding behavior
18. Taste of chimpanzee foods
19. Seeds from feces
implications for seed dispersal and fecal analyses
20. Hunting and food sharing
21. Insect-feeding behavior and insect fauna
with special reference to plant–insect relationships
Part V. Life History and Health
22. Development and growth
with special reference to mother–infant relationships
23. Gerontology
24. Chimpanzee self-medication
a historical perspective of the key findings
25. Diseases and deaths
variety and impact on social life
26. Conspecific killings
Part VI. Social Relations
27. Male-male relationships
28. Female–female relationships
29. Male–female relationships
affiliative, interventional, and dominant–subordinate interactions
30. Orphans and allomothering
Part VII. Social Behavior
31. Intimidation display
32. Aggression and conflict management
33. Greetings and dominance
35. Sexual behavior and mating strategies
36. Social play
history of the studies at Mahale and a new perspective
37. Ethograms and the diversity of behaviors
Part VIII. Behavioral Diversity
38. Culture
39. Vocal communication
40. Diversity of play
41. Laterality of hand function
42. Use of tools and other objects
43. Bed making and nocturnal behavior
Part IX. From Field to Lab
44. Field endocrinology
45. Skeletal and dental morphology
46. Genetic studies
47. Internal parasites
Part X. People and Chimpanzees
48. Current status of tourism
49. Culture and subsistence ecology of the Tongwe, and their significance in chimpanzee research
50. Conservation and the future
Appendix I. Plant list
Appendix II. Dietary list
Appendix III. Mammal list
Appendix IV. Meteorological data collected at Kansyana, 1983–2013
Appendix V. List of researchers who visited Mahale
Appendix VI. List of abbreviations used for Mahale chimpanzee names
Appendix VII. Research and conservation funds for Mahale
Index.