From the introduction: Siegecraft, like warfare itself, can be said to have three stages of procedure: strategic, tactical, and operational. At the strategic level, those garrisoning a city must carefully plan outposts and satellite garrisons for direct protection and as listening posts. Conversely, a besieging army must be careful to neutralize these positions prior to laying siege to the real objective - otherwise they leave their backs open to raiders. From a tactical standpoint, the besiegers must make their approach carefully, sending out scouting parties as feelers to determine weak points. Once these weak points (assuming there are any) have been discovered, gunners and engineers must be consulted to carry out a plan of attack. The operational aspect is just that. Officers, on the advise of said gunners and engineers, direct their junior officers and NCOs to "operate" in whatever fashion is thought best. The purpose of this paper is to examine the siegecraft of the allied armies before York (and to some extent the efforts of defense) from a primarily tactical and operational level and to establish to what extent the methods employed by the allies were, or were not effective in reducing the city of York. It should be noted that strategic, tactical, and operational levels of activity do not occur in vacuums and thus the siege as a whole must be explored to some extent.

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